Kurikulum Kursus

• Modul 1

  Course Introduction

  • Course Audience And Requirements
  • Target Platform
  • Command Line vs. Graphical Interface
  • Target Linux Distribution
  • Lab 1.1. Configuring the System for 'sudo'
  • The Linux Foundation Certifications
  • Training/Certification Firewall
• Modul 2

  Linux Filesystem Tree Layout

  • One Big Filesystem
  • Data Distinctions
  • FHS Linux Standard Directory Tree
  • The Root (/) Directory
  • /bin
  • /boot
  • /dev
  • /etc
  • /home
  • /lib and /lib64
  • /media
  • /mnt
  • /opt
  • /proc
  • /sys
  • /root
  • /sbin
  • /srv
  • /tmp
  • /usr
  • /var
  • /run
  • Lab 2.1. Sizes of the Default Linux Directories
  • Lab 2.2. Touring the /proc Filesystem
  • Quiz 2.1: Working with File Content
  • Quiz 2.2: Working with Directory and File
  • Quiz 2.3: Comparing
• Modul 3

  Processes

  • What Is a Program?
  • What Is a Process?
  • Process Attributes
  • Process Resource Isolation
  • Controlling Processes with ulimit
  • Creating Processes
  • Creating Processes in a Command Shell
  • Process States
  • Execution Modes
  • Daemons
  • Using nice to Set Priorities
  • Modifying the Nice Value
  • Static and Shared Libraries
  • Shared Library Versions
  • Finding Shared Libraries
  • Lab 3.1. Controlling Processes with ulimit
  • Quiz 3.1: Configure Resource Limits
• Modul 4

  Signals

  • What Are Signals?
  • Types of Signals
  • kill
  • killall and pkill
  • Quiz 4.1: SIGHUP Signal
• Modul 5

  Package Management Systems

  • Why Use Packages?
  • Software Packaging Concepts
  • Package Types
  • Available Package Management Systems
  • Packaging Tool Levels and Varieties
  • Package Sources
  • Creating Software Packages
  • Revision Control Systems
  • The Linux Kernel and the Birth of git
  • How git Works
  • Lab 5.1. Version Control with git
• Modul 6

  RPM

  • Advantages of Using RPM
  • Package File Names
  • RPM Database and Helper Programs
  • Queries
  • Verifying Packages
  • Installing Packages
  • Uninstalling Packages
  • Updating Packages
  • Freshening Packages
  • Upgrading the Linux Kernel
  • Using rpm2archive and rpm2cpio
  • Lab Requirements
• Modul 7

  DPKG

  • DPKG Essentials
  • Package File Names and Source
  • DPKG Queries
  • Installing/Upgrading/Uninstalling Packages with dpkg
  • Lab Requirements
  • Lab 7.1. Using dpkg
  • Solution 7.1. Using dpkg
  • Quiz 7.1: Query The Package Management Database
• Modul 8

  DNF and YUM

  • Package Installers
  • What Is dnf?
  • What Is yum?
  • Queries
  • Installing/Removing/Upgrading Packages
  • Additional dnf Commands
  • Lab Requirements
• Modul 9

  ZYPPER

  • What Is zypper?
  • zypper Queries
  • Installing/Removing/Upgrading Packages with zypper
  • Additional zypper Commands
  • Lab Requirements
• Modul 10

  APT

  • What Is APT?
  • apt, apt-get, apt-cache, etc.
  • Queries
  • Installing/Removing/Upgrading Packages with apt
  • Cleaning Up
  • Lab Requirements
  • Lab 10.1. Basic APT Commands
  • Solution 10.1: Basic APT Commands
  • Lab 10.2. Using APT to Find Information About a Package
  • Solution 10.2. Using APT to Find Information About a Package
• Modul 11

  System Monitoring

  • Monitoring Tools
  • sar
  • Log Files
  • Lab 11.1. Using stress or stress-ng
  • Quiz 11.1: Locate the Error Message
• Modul 12

  Process Monitoring

  • Process Monitoring Tools
  • Viewing Process States with ps
  • Customizing the ps Output
  • Using pstree
  • top
  • More on /proc
  • Solution 12.1: Processes
  • Lab 12.2. Monitoring Process States
  • Solution 12.2: Monitoring Process States
• Modul 13

  Memory Monitoring and Usage

  • Memory Monitoring
  • /proc/meminfo
  • /proc/sys/vm
  • vmstat
  • OOM Killer
• Modul 14

  I/O Monitoring and Tuning

  • I/O Monitoring and Disk Bottlenecks
  • iostat
  • iotop
  • ionice
• Modul 15

  I/O Scheduling

  • Disk Bottlenecks and I/O Scheduling
  • I/O Scheduler Choices
• Modul 16

  Linux Filesystems and the VFS

  • Filesystem Basics
  • Inodes
  • Hard and Soft Links
  • Virtual Filesystem (VFS)
  • Available Filesystems
  • Filesystem Varieties
  • Journaling Filesystems
  • Special Filesystems
  • Quiz 16.1: Hard and Soft Link
• Modul 17

  Disk Partitioning

  • Common Disk Types
  • Disk Geometry
  • Partition Organization
  • Why Partition?
  • MBR Partition Table
  • GPT Partition Table
  • Naming Disk Devices and Device Nodes
  • blkid
  • lsblk
  • Sizing Up Partitions
  • Backing Up and Restoring Partition Tables
  • Partition Table Editors
  • Using fdisk
  • Lab Requirements
  • Lab 17.1. Using a File as a Disk Partition Image
  • Lab 17.2. Partitioning a Disk Image File
  • Quiz 17.1: Partitioning
• Modul 18

  Filesystem Features: Attributes, Creating, Checking, Mounting

  • lsattr and chattr
  • mkfs
  • fsck
  • Mounting Filesystems
  • mount
  • Currently Mounted Filesystems
  • umount
  • Network Shares (NFS)
  • Mounting at Boot and /etc/fstab
  • Automatic Filesystem Mounting
  • automount Example
  • Lab 18.1. Working with File Attributes
  • Solution 18.1: Working with File Attributes
• Modul 19

  Filesystem Features: Swap, Quotas, Usage

  • df: Filesystem Usage
  • du: Disk Usage
  • Using swap
  • Filesystem Quotas
  • Setting Up Quotas
  • quotacheck
  • Turning Quotas On and Off
  • Examining Quotas
  • Setting Quotas
  • Lab 19.1. Managing Swap Space
• Modul 20

  The EXT4 Filesystems

  • The Ext4 Filesystems
  • ext4 Superblock and Block Groups
  • dumpe2fs
  • tune2fs
• Modul 21

  The XFS and BTRFS Filesystems

  • XFS
  • btrfs
• Modul 22

  Encrypting Disks

  • Why Use Encryption?
  • LUKS
  • Cryptsetup
  • Using an Encrypted Partition
  • Mounting at Boot
  • Lab 22.1. Disk Encryption
• Modul 23

  Logical Volume Management (LVM)

  • Logical Volume Management (LVM)
  • Volumes and Volume Groups
  • Logical Volumes Utilities
  • Creating Logical Volumes
  • Displaying Logical Volumes
  • Resizing Logical Volumes
  • LVM Snapshots
  • Lab 23.1. Logical Volumes
  • Solution Lab 23.1. Logical Volumes
• Modul 24

  RAID

  • RAID
  • RAID Levels
  • Software RAID Configuration
  • Monitoring RAIDs
  • RAID Hot Spares
  • Lab 24.1. Creating a RAID Device
  • Solution Lab 24.1. Creating a RAID Device
  • Quiz 24.1: Working with RAID
• Modul 25

  Kernel Services and Configuration

  • Kernel Overview
  • Kernel Command Line
  • Kernel Boot Parameters
  • Sysctl
  • Lab 25.1: System Tunables with sysctl
  • Solution Lab 25.1: System Tunables with sysctl
• Modul 26

  Devices and Udev

  • Udev
  • Device Nodes
  • Udev Components
  • Udev Rule Files
  • Creating Udev Rules
  • Examples of Rules Files
  • Major and Minor Numbers
  • Udev and Hotplug
  • The Udev Device Manager
• Modul 27

  Virtualization Overview

  • What Is Virtualization?
  • Virtualization History
  • Hosts and Guests
  • Emulation vs. Virtualization
  • Types of Virtualization Hypervisors
  • Dedicated Hypervisor
  • Hypervisor in the Kernel
  • Libvirt
  • Programs Using libvirt
  • What Is QEMU?
  • Third Party Hypervisor Integration
  • Image Formats
  • KVM and Linux
  • Managing KVM
  • Lab 28.3. Installing a VM from the Command Line
  • Quiz 28.1: Configure Domain
• Modul 28

  Containers Overview

  • Container Basics
  • Application Virtualization
  • Containers vs. Virtual Machines
  • Docker
  • Docker Steps
  • Docker Command
  • Podman
  • Lab 29.1. Installing and Testing Apache (httpd) as a Docker Application
  • Quiz 29.1: Working with Container
• Modul 29

  User Account Management

  • User Accounts
  • Attributes of a User Account
  • Creating User Accounts with useradd
  • Modifying and Deleting User Accounts
  • Locked Accounts
  • User IDs and /etc/passwd
  • Why Use /etc/shadow?
  • More on /etc/shadow
  • Password Management
  • Password Aging (chage)
  • Restricted Shell
  • Restricted Accounts
  • The Root Account
  • SSH
  • SSH Configuration Files
  • Remote Graphical Login
• Modul 30

  Group Management

  • Groups
  • Group Management
  • User Private Groups
  • Group Membership
  • Lab 31.1: Working with Groups
  • Quiz 31.1: Create New User and Group
  • Quiz 31.2: Increase The Server Security
• Modul 31

  File Permissions and Ownership

  • Owner, Group and World
  • File Access Rights
  • Chmod
  • Octal Digits
  • Chown and Chgrp
  • Umask
  • Filesystem ACLs
  • Lab 32.1: Using chmod
  • Quiz 32.1: File Permissions And Ownership
  • Quiz 32.2: Find Files
• Modul 32

  Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM)

  • Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)
  • Authentication and Configuration Files
  • PAM Rules
  • LDAP Authentication
• Modul 33

  Network Addresses

  • IP Addresses
  • IPv4 Address Types
  • Reserved Addresses
  • IPv6 Address Types
  • IPv4 Address Classes
  • Netmasks
  • Getting and Setting the Hostname
  • Quiz 34.1: System Routing Table
• Modul 34

  Network Devices and Configuration

  • Network Devices
  • ip
  • Using ip: Examples
  • ifconfig
  • Predictable Network Interface Device Names
  • NIC Configuration Files
  • Network Manager
  • Network Manager Interfaces
  • nmtui
  • nmcli
  • Routing
  • Default Route
  • Static Routes
  • Name Resolution
  • /etc/hosts
  • DNS
  • Network Diagnostics
  • Lab 35.1: Static Configuration of a Network Interface
  • Lab 35.2: Adding a Static Hostname
  • Quiz 35.1: Configure Resolver
• Modul 35

  Firewalls

  • What Is a Firewall?
  • Packet Filtering
  • Firewall Generations
  • Firewall Interfaces and Tools
  • Why We Are Not Working with iptables
  • firewalld and firewall-cmd
  • firewalld Service Status
  • Zones
  • Zone Management Examples
  • Source Management
  • Service Management
  • Port Management
  • Quiz 36.1: Change Listening Port
• Modul 36

  System Startup and Shutdown

  • Boot Sequence
  • BIOS
  • Boot Loaders
  • Configuration Files in /etc
  • /etc/sysconfig
  • /etc/default
  • Shutting Down and Rebooting
• Modul 37

  GRUB

  • What Is GRUB?
  • GRUB Versions
  • Interactive Selections with GRUB at Boot
  • Installing GRUB
  • GRUB Device Nomenclature
  • GRUB Configuration Files
  • Boot Loader Specification Configuration (BLSCFG)
  • /boot/loader/entries
• Modul 38

  System Init: Systemd, Systemv and Upstart

  • The init Process
  • Startup Alternatives
  • systemd Features
  • systemd Configuration Files
  • systemctl
  • Lab 39.1: Adding a New Startup Service with systemd
  • Quiz 39.1: Tar and Executable Script
  • Quiz 39.2: Cron Job
• Modul 39

  Backup and Recovery Methods

  • Why Backups?
  • What Needs Backup?
  • Backup vs. Archive
  • Tape Drives
  • Backup Methods
  • Backup Strategies
  • Some Backup Related Utilities
  • Using tar for Backups
  • Using tar for Restoring Files
  • Incremental Backups with tar
  • Archive Compression Methods
  • dd
  • Using rsync for Backups
  • Using cpio for Backups
  • Backup Programs
  • Lab 40.1: Using tar for Backup
  • Lab 40.3: Using rsync for Backup
  • Quiz 40.1: Standard Streams
• Modul 40

  Linux Security Modules

  • What Are Linux Security Modules?
  • Main LSM Choices
  • SELinux Overview
  • SELinux Enforcement Modes
  • getenforce and setenforce
  • SELinux Policies
  • Context Utilities
  • SELinux and Standard Commands
  • Context Inheritance
  • restorecon
  • semanage
  • Using SELinux Booleans
  • Monitoring SELinux Access
  • AppArmor
  • Checking Status
  • Modes and Profiles
  • AppArmor Utilities
• Modul 41

  Local System Security

  • Local System Security Overview
  • Creating a Security Policy
  • What to Include in the Policy
  • What Risks to Assess
  • Choosing a Security Philosophy
  • Updating and Patching the System
  • Hardware Accessibility Vulnerability
  • Hardware Access Guidelines
  • BIOS
  • Bootloader
  • Using Secure Mounting Options
  • setuid/setgid Bits
• Modul 42

  Basic Troubleshooting

  • Troubleshooting Levels
  • Basic Troubleshooting Techniques
  • Things to Check: Networking
  • Things to Check: File Integrity
  • Boot Process Failures
  • Filesystem Corruption and Recovery
  • Using the Virtual Consoles
  • Quiz 43.1: Repair Filesystem Error
• Modul 43

  System Rescue

  • Rescue Media and Troubleshooting
  • Using Rescue/Recovery Image
  • System Rescue and Recovery
  • Emergency Boot Media
  • Using Rescue Media
  • Rescue USB Key
  • Emergency Mode
  • Single User Mode
• Modul 44

  LFCS Internal Exam